PRELIMS मतलब MAD

Answer – (d)

Explanation:

About the Madras Mahajan Sabha: It was a regional political organization and the forerunner of the Indian National Congress.

It was founded in May 1884 at Ellis Road Junction, Mount Road in Madras district, present-day Chennai by M Veeraraghavachariar, G Subramania Iyer, and P Ananda Charlu. Hence option (d) is the correct answer.

The aim was to liberate the nation from British rule and resolve national issues, as stated at the Adyar Theosophical Society conference.

In April 1930, the Madras Mahajana Sabha launched the Salt Satyagraha in George Town, Esplanade, High Court, and Beach neighbourhoods, all localities in Madras.

It also participated in the 1942 Quit India Movement, which resulted in several members being brutally beaten and imprisoned by British authorities.

The Sabha continued the freedom struggle on behalf of the Indian National Congress after the British government outlawed it.

Answer – (b)

Explanation:

About Carnatic Wars: They are a series of wars between the British and French for supremacy. Carnatic was the name given by the Europeans to the Coromandel coast and its hinterland.

Statement 1 is not correct: The First Carnatic War ended in 1748 when the Treaty of Aix-La Chapelle was signed.

Under the terms of this treaty, Madras was handed back to the English, and the French, in turn, got their territories in North America.

The First Carnatic War was an extension of the Anglo-French War in Europe which was caused by the Austrian War of Succession.

Statement 2 is correct: The French authorities were annoyed with the heavy financial losses incurred in the second carnatic war due to the policies of Dupleix. They recalled him in 1754 and Godeheu succeeded Dupleix as the French governor-general in India.

Godeheu adopted a policy of negotiations with the English and concluded a treaty with them.

Statement 3 is not correct: Battle of Wandiwash, which is the decisive battle of the third Carnatic War was won by the English. English totally routed the French army in this war.

It ended with the Treaty of Peace of Paris 1763. Even though the treaty restored to the French their factories in India, the French political influence disappeared after the war.

Answer – (a)

Explanation:

Statement 1 is not correct: Paikas were essentially the peasant militias of the Gajapati rulers of Odisha who rendered military service to the king during times of war while taking up cultivation during times of peace.

Statement 2 is correct: The rebellion took place under the leadership of Baxi Jagabandhu Bidyadhara. He was the hereditary chief of the militia army of the Gajapati King.

Statement 3 is not correct: Paika Bidroha, Paika Rebellion, predated the revolt of 1857 which was known as the first war of independence. It happened in 1817 in Odisha which shook the foundations of British rule in the eastern part of India.

Answer – (b)

Explanation:

About the Charter Act of 1853: It abolished the system of patronage and introduced the system of open competition as a method of recruitment for civil services.

The entrance examination was to be conducted in London by a Civil Service Commission set up in 1854. The age limit was 19-22 years. The first competitive examination was held in 1855 at London, on the basis of the report of the Macaulay Committee.

Hence option (b) is the correct answer.

Answer – (a)

Explanation:

About Rowlatt Satyagraha: It was one of the first movements launched by Mahatma Gandhi. It began in 1919 in Mumbai City, Maharashtra, against the oppressive Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919, popularly known as the Rowlatt Act.

The Act was based on the recommendations of the Sedition Committee headed by Sir Sidney Rowlatt.

It essentially sought to criminalize dissent, empowered the government to suppress political activities, and allowed the detention of political prisoners without trial or judicial review for two years.

Hence option (a) is the correct answer.