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Answer- (d)

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: Roopkund lake is situated 16,500 ft above sea level at the base of Mt Trishul in the Garhwal Himalayas. It is located in the state of Uttarakhand.  
• Statement 2 is correct: The lake is famously known as the lake of skeletons. It contains hundreds of human skeletons and also some with preserved flesh. 
  • The lake is shrinking in both width and depth by about 0.1% to 0.5% annually due to climate change.

Answer- (a)

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: Lake Effect snow occurs when cold air, often originating from Canada, moves across the open waters of the Great Lakes.
  • As the cold air passes over the unfrozen and relatively warm waters of the Great Lakes, warmth and moisture are transferred into the lowest portion of the atmosphere. 
  • The air rises, clouds form and grow into a narrow band that produces 2 to 3 inches of snow per hour or more.
• Statement 2 is correct: Lake effect snow is common across the Great Lakes region. 
• Statement 3 is not correct: It occurs during the late fall and winter season.

Answer- (a)

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: Cloudbursts are sudden and very heavy rainfall events which are local in nature. They occur for a brief period of time. 
• Statement 2 is correct: They occur in connection with thunderstorms. 
• Statement 3 is correct: Cloudbursts are especially common in mountainous areas. This is probably because the warm air currents of a thunderstorm tend to follow the upward slope of a mountain. 

The effects of heavy rain are especially striking on mountain slopes because the falling water is concentrated in valleys and gullies.

Answer- (d)

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: Jawaharlal Nehru Port at Nhava Sheva was developed as a satellite port to relieve the pressure at the Mumbai port. It is the largest container port in India.  
• Statement 2 is correct: Paradip Port is situated in the Mahanadi delta, about 100 km from Cuttack. It has the deepest harbour specially suited to handle very large vessels. It has been developed mainly to handle large-scale export of iron-ore.
• Statement 3 is correct: Visakhapatnam Port in Andhra Pradesh is a land-locked harbour, connected to the sea by a channel cut through solid rock and sand.

Answer- (a)

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: Most of the metallic minerals in India occur in the peninsular plateau region in the old crystalline rocks. 
  • Minerals are generally concentrated in three broad belts in India. They are the North-Eastern Plateau Region, the South-Western Plateau Region and the  North-Western Region. 
• Statement 2 is not correct: Petroleum reserves are located in the sedimentary basins of Assam, Gujarat and Mumbai High i.e. off-shore region in the Arabian Sea. New reserves have been located in the Krishna-Godavari and Kaveri basins.