Answer : D

• • The post of Vice President has been borrowed from the United States Constitution, Hence Statement 1 incorrect.
  • When the term of the sitting President is about to expire, an election must be held before the term ends. In case of any delay, the outgoing President continues to hold office beyond their five-year term until their successor assumes charge. This provision aims to prevent an interregnum, and in such a scenario, the Vice President does not act as President.
  • However, when a vacancy arises in the office of the President due to resignation, removal, death, or other reasons, the Vice President assumes the role of Acting President until a new President is elected. Additionally, if the sitting President is unable to discharge their duties due to absence, illness, or other causes, the Vice President takes over their functions until the President resumes office. Therefore, Statement 2 is incorrect.
  • The electoral college for the election of the Vice President differs from the electoral college for the President's election in two key respects:
    • The Vice President's electoral college comprises both elected and nominated members of Parliament, whereas the President's electoral college consists only of elected members.
    • The Vice President's electoral college does not include members of state legislative assemblies, whereas the President's electoral college includes elected members of state legislative assemblies.

• Hence, Statement 3 is correct.

• Rajya Sabha can initiate the removal of the Vice President. The removal process involves a resolution passed by the Rajya Sabha with an effective majority, which must be agreed upon by the Lok Sabha with a simple majority. Therefore, Statement 4 is also correct.
• Hence, Option D is the correct answer.

Answer : A

• The President has the authority to make regulations for the peace, progress, and good governance of the five Union Territories: the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu, and Ladakh.
• A regulation so made has the same force and effect as an Act of Parliament. Moreover, it may repeal or amend any Act of Parliament in relation to these Union Territories. Hence, Statement 1 is correct.
• The Governor of Assam has the power to direct that an Act of Parliament does not apply to a tribal area (autonomous district) in the state or applies with specified modifications and exceptions.
• The President holds the same authority with respect to tribal areas (autonomous districts) in Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram.
• However, Statement 2 is not correct. 
• Therefore, the correct answer is A.

Answer : A

• The Constitution lays down a special procedure for the passage of money bills in Parliament. A money bill can be introduced only in the Lok Sabha, and only on the recommendation of the President. Furthermore, such bills are considered government bills and can only be introduced by a minister. Therefore, Statement 1 is correct.
• The defeat of a money bill in the Lok Sabha leads to the resignation of the government. When a money bill is presented to the President, he may either grant his assent or withhold it, but he cannot return the bill for reconsideration by the Houses. Typically, the President grants his assent to a money bill, as it is introduced in Parliament with his prior permission. So, Statement 2 is also correct.
• However, a bill is not to be deemed to be a money bill by reason only that it provides for:
  • The imposition of fines or other pecuniary penalties, or
  • The demand or payment of fees for licenses or fees for Services rendered; or
  • The imposition, abolition, remission, alteration or regulation Of any tax by any local authority or body for local purposes.
• Hence, Statement 3 is not the correct statement. 
• Therefore, Option A is the correct answer.

Answer : C

• The President of India is elected indirectly by an electoral college comprising:
  • The elected members of both Houses of Parliament.
  • The elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of the states.
  • The elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of the UTs of Delhi and Puducherry.
• Notably, the following individuals do not participate in the presidential election:
  • Nominated members of both Houses of Parliament
  • Nominated members of state Legislative Assemblies
  • Members (both elected and nominated) of state Legislative Councils (in states with a bicameral legislature)
  • Nominated members of the Legislative Assemblies of Delhi and Puducherry
• Furthermore, if a state Legislative Assembly is dissolved, its members cease to be eligible to vote in the presidential election, even if fresh elections to the dissolved assembly are not held before the presidential election.
• Therefore, only statements 1 and 3 are correct.
• Hence, Option C is the correct answer.